前言

• Elasticsearch 8.10 引入了同義詞 API，可以取代以前的同義詞文件
• 注意 synonyms_set 只能用於 search_analyzer，不能用於 index analyzer

案例

• 創建或更新同義詞集合

PUT _synonyms/test_syn_set
{
  "synonyms_set": [
    {
      "id": "pc",
      "synonyms": "pc => personal computer"
    },
    {
      "id": "computer",
      "synonyms": "computer,laptop"
    },
    {
      "id": "事兒",
      "synonyms": "事兒,事"
    }
  ]
}

• 查詢同義詞集

GET _synonyms/test_syn_set

• 創建測試索引 my_index

PUT my_index
{
  "settings": {
    "index": {
      "analysis": {
        "analyzer": {
          "synonym_analyzer": {
            "tokenizer": "ik_smart",
            "filter": [
              "test_syn"
            ]
          }
        },
        "filter": {
          "test_syn": {
            "type": "synonym_graph",
            "synonyms_set": "test_syn_set",
            "updateable": true
          }
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "mappings": {
    "properties": {
      "title": {
        "type": "text",
        "analyzer": "ik_smart"
      }
    }
  }
}

• 測試分詞效果

GET my_index/_analyze
{
  "text": [
            "明朝那些事兒"
          ],
  "analyzer": "synonym_analyzer"
}

分詞結果: 明朝 那些 事兒 事

• 更新單個同義詞

PUT _synonyms/test_syn_set/事兒
{
  "synonyms": "事兒,事,事情"
}

• 注意無論是更新同義詞集合整體還是更新單個同義詞，ES 會自動 _reload_search_analyzers，無需手動操作
• 似乎 ES 8 不再用同義詞隱式傳遞的問題

# 隱式傳遞即
A,B
B,C
# 通過 B，將 A C 視為同義詞

相關閲讀

• Elasticsearch 官方博客：Update your synonyms in Elasticsearch: Introducing the synonyms API
• 銘毅天下：Elasticsearch 8.10 同義詞管理新篇章：引入同義詞 API

本文出自 qbit snap