Linux系統中默認自帶的Python版本都比較低，通常是Python2.7，對於一些要求Python高版本的項目來説就會無法繼續運行，所以需要升級到python3環境，本文提供下升級Python版本的詳細代碼，方便後面用於查詢。

Debian/Ubuntu系統

安裝Python3.8

cat <<"EOF" | bash
apt install build-essential zlib1g-dev libncurses5-dev libgdbm-dev libnss3-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev libffi-dev curl libbz2-dev -y && \
curl -O https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2.tar.xz && \
tar -xf Python-3.8.2.tar.xz && \
cd Python-3.8.2 && \
./configure --enable-optimizations && \
make -j 4 && \
sudo make altinstall && \
python3.8 --version
EOF
 
apt update && apt install python3-pip

安裝Python3.10

apt update && apt upgrade -y
 
apt install git wget curl screen htop vim sudo -y
 
apt-get --purge remove python3 python3-pip -y
 
apt install build-essential libreadline-dev libncursesw5-dev libssl-dev libsqlite3-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libc6-dev libbz2-dev libffi-dev zlib1g-dev -y
 
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.10.8/Python-3.10.8.tgz
 
tar -xzvf Python-3.10.8.tgz
 
cd Python-3.10.8
 
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
 
make altinstall
 
rm -f /usr/bin/python3
rm -f /usr/local/bin/pip3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.10 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.10 /usr/bin/pip3
 
python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip
 
python3 -V && pip3 -V

Centos7系統

安裝Python3.8

yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make libffi-devel wget
 
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.2/Python-3.8.2.tar.xz
tar -xf Python-3.8.2.tar.xz
cd Python-3.8.2
./configure prefix=/usr/local/python3
make && make install
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3
 
python3.8 --version

這裏沒有直接鏈接到python，所以輸入python的話還是會進入python2.7，輸入python3才會進入python3.8，因為yum需要用到python2才能執行，執意要鏈接的話需要手動修改yum配置：

vi /usr/bin/yum
把 #! /usr/bin/python 修改為 #! /usr/bin/python2
 
vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
把 #! /usr/bin/python 修改為 #! /usr/bin/python2

配置默認版本

如果機器內有多個python版本，可以通過設置優先級來默認使用哪個版本

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python2 1
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/python python /usr/bin/python3 2