通過 IntelliJ IDEA 對 containerd 進行源碼級調試 Detail - intellij-idea,debugging,containerd,容器,docker GousterCloud Blog

Stories

Detail

通過 IntelliJ IDEA 對 containerd 進行源碼級調試 - Stories Detail

03:30 AM · Nov 06 ,2025

[TOC]

本文介紹如何在 Ubuntu 22.04 系統上，通過 IntelliJ IDEA 對 containerd 進行源碼級調試。我們將從 containerd 的安裝、源碼編譯、驗證調試信息的存在，到最終的調試過程中，每一步驟都進行詳細講解。

1 安裝 containerd 📦

首先，按照以下鏈接中的指引完成 containerd 的安裝過程：Ubuntu 22.04 安裝 containerd 教程 👈

2 源碼編譯 🔨

源碼編譯是調試的前提，具體步驟如下：

克隆 containerd 的 GitHub 倉庫：🌐
- git clone git@github.com:containerd/containerd.git 🌐
切換到目標分支或版本標籤，例如切換到 1.7.2 版本：🔀
- git branch v1.7.2 v1.7.2 && git checkout v1.7.2
下載 containerd 的依賴項：📚
- cd containerd && go mod tidy
編譯 containerd 源碼：🏗️
- make build GODEBUG=true all

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# 
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# 
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# 
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# make build GODEBUG=true all
+ build
+ bin/ctr
go build -gcflags=all="-N -l" -gcflags=-trimpath=/root/go/src -buildmode=pie  -o bin/ctr -ldflags '-X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Version=v1.7.2-2-gbe3ad13c1 -X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Revision=be3ad13c14e0e1da2840fc6496f2bcefefb99764 -X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Package=github.com/containerd/containerd  ' -tags "urfave_cli_no_docs static_build"  ./cmd/ctr
+ bin/containerd
go build -gcflags=all="-N -l" -gcflags=-trimpath=/root/go/src -buildmode=pie  -o bin/containerd -ldflags '-X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Version=v1.7.2-2-gbe3ad13c1 -X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Revision=be3ad13c14e0e1da2840fc6496f2bcefefb99764 -X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Package=github.com/containerd/containerd  ' -tags "urfave_cli_no_docs static_build"  ./cmd/containerd
+ bin/containerd-stress
go build -gcflags=all="-N -l" -gcflags=-trimpath=/root/go/src -buildmode=pie  -o bin/containerd-stress -ldflags '-X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Version=v1.7.2-2-gbe3ad13c1 -X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Revision=be3ad13c14e0e1da2840fc6496f2bcefefb99764 -X github.com/containerd/containerd/version.Package=github.com/containerd/containerd  ' -tags "urfave_cli_no_docs static_build"  ./cmd/containerd-stress
+ bin/containerd-shim
+ bin/containerd-shim-runc-v1
+ bin/containerd-shim-runc-v2
+ binaries
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# 
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# 
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# ls -lhtr bin/
total 158M
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  31M Jul 29 14:34 ctr
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  61M Jul 29 14:34 containerd
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  29M Jul 29 14:34 containerd-stress
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 9.4M Jul 29 14:34 containerd-shim
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  12M Jul 29 14:34 containerd-shim-runc-v1
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root  17M Jul 29 14:34 containerd-shim-runc-v2
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#

注意：編譯過程中可能會因為缺少 btrfs 文件系統而報錯（linux/btrfs_tree.h: No such file or directory）。遵循本文第一步的安裝指導可避免此問題。⚠️

3 驗證編譯的二進制文件是否包含調試信息 🔍

驗證編譯是否成功幷包含調試信息，可以通過以下任一方法：

3.1 使用objdump工具

成功編譯的輸出示例，會顯示含調試信息的輸出objdump --syms bin/containerd ✅

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# objdump --syms bin/containerd

bin/containerd:     file format elf64-x86-64

SYMBOL TABLE:
0000000000000000 l    df *ABS*  0000000000000000              Scrt1.o
00000000000003b4 l     O .note.ABI-tag  0000000000000020              __abi_tag
0000000000000000 l    df *ABS*  0000000000000000              go.go
00000000003ad4c0 l     F .text  0000000000000000              runtime.text
00000000003ad4c0 l     F .text  0000000000000059              internal/cpu.Initialize
00000000003ad520 l     F .text  0000000000000537              internal/cpu.processOptions
00000000003ada60 l     F .text  0000000000000026              internal/cpu.indexByte
00000000003adaa0 l     F .text  0000000000000925              internal/cpu.doinit
00000000003ae3e0 l     F .text  0000000000000006              internal/cpu.isSet
00000000003ae400 l     F .text  000000000000001b              internal/cpu.cpuid.abi0
00000000003ae420 l     F .text  0000000000000011              internal/cpu.xgetbv.abi0
00000000003ae440 l     F .text  0000000000000009              internal/cpu.getGOAMD64level.abi0
00000000003ae460 l     F .text  000000000000007a              type:.eq.internal/cpu.option
00000000003ae4e0 l     F .text  00000000000000e6              type:.eq.[6]internal/cpu.option
00000000003ae5e0 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int32).Load
00000000003ae600 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int32).Store
00000000003ae620 l     F .text  000000000000000d              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int32).CompareAndSwap
00000000003ae640 l     F .text  000000000000000a              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int32).Add
00000000003ae660 l     F .text  0000000000000004              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int64).Load
00000000003ae680 l     F .text  0000000000000004              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int64).Store
00000000003ae6a0 l     F .text  000000000000000f              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int64).CompareAndSwap
00000000003ae6c0 l     F .text  0000000000000007              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int64).Swap
00000000003ae6e0 l     F .text  000000000000000d              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Int64).Add
00000000003ae700 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint8).Load
00000000003ae720 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint8).Store
00000000003ae740 l     F .text  0000000000000004              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint8).And
00000000003ae760 l     F .text  0000000000000004              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint8).Or
00000000003ae780 l     F .text  0000000000000024              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Bool).Load
00000000003ae7c0 l     F .text  000000000000001f              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Bool).Store
00000000003ae7e0 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).Load
00000000003ae800 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).LoadAcquire
00000000003ae820 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).Store
00000000003ae840 l     F .text  0000000000000003              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).StoreRelease
00000000003ae860 l     F .text  000000000000000d              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).CompareAndSwap
00000000003ae880 l     F .text  000000000000000d              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).CompareAndSwapRelease
00000000003ae8a0 l     F .text  0000000000000005              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).Swap
00000000003ae8c0 l     F .text  0000000000000004              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).And
00000000003ae8e0 l     F .text  0000000000000004              runtime/internal/atomic.(*Uint32).Or

若輸出提示 no symbols，則表示該二進制文件不包含調試信息。❌

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# objdump --syms /usr/local/bin/containerd

/usr/local/bin/containerd:     file format elf64-x86-64

SYMBOL TABLE:
no symbols


root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#

3.2 使用file工具

含調試信息的文件將顯示 with debug_info, not stripped。✅

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# file bin/containerd
bin/containerd: ELF 64-bit LSB pie executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, interpreter /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, BuildID[sha1]=9bb291e61e1eceb23359dc29100845e5c1edf763, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, with debug_info, not stripped
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#

若顯示 stripped，則不包含調試信息。❌

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# file /usr/local/bin/containerd
/usr/local/bin/containerd: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), statically linked, BuildID[sha1]=322f89b7e351fe2ccfaa0fe30de79c76d49d6e26, for GNU/Linux 3.2.0, stripped
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#

3.3 dlv工具驗證

正確的調試信息如下所示：✅

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# dlv exec  bin/containerd
Type 'help' for list of commands.
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv) exit
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#

錯誤的調試信息如下，會提示：no debug info found，如下所示：❌

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# dlv exec  /usr/local/bin/containerd
Warning: no debug info found, some functionality will be missing such as stack traces and variable evaluation.
Type 'help' for list of commands.
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv)
(dlv) exit

4 debug

debug containerd步驟如下：

1、利用ps -ef|gerp containerd查看containerd啓動所需要的參數，這一步特別重要，尤其是在debug k8s源碼的時候，k8s的每一個組件都帶了很多命令行參數，想要調試這些組件，必須把這些組件的啓動參數原封不動的加入到dlv調試命令當中
- 注意，實際上執行上述命令之後會發現，containerd並沒有啓動參數，因此無需關心。
2、通過dlv命令啓動containerd，啓動命令我們可以從IDEA remote debug功能拷貝過來🔍
- dlv --listen=:12345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec bin/containerd📡
- 注意：這裏在啓動contaienrd的時候沒有指定任何參數，實際上也可以根據自己的情況加入containerd參數，譬如指定containerd的配置文件的位置（containerd默認配置文件為：/etc/containerd/config.toml），也可以指定調試的debug級別，譬如：
  - dlv --listen=:12345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec bin/containerd -- --config=/root/mycontainerd/config.toml --log-level=debug
  - dlv --listen=:12345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec bin/containerd -- --log-level=debug
3、在IDEA啓動debug，連接到遠程調試📍
- 注意：在啓動IDEA調試之前，你需要在想要debug的位置增加斷點，否則程序啓動會直接運行起來，等你這個時候打斷點，很可能就晚了。
- 注意：在啓動IDEA調試之前，你需要修改IDEA操作系統標識為Linux

執行dlv --listen=:12345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec bin/containerd -- --log-level=debug命令之後，此時會阻塞在這裏，千萬不要使用ctrl + c，只有當IDEA連接上來的時候才會開始執行🚫⌛

root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd#
root@containerd:~/workspace/containerd# dlv --listen=:12345 --headless=true --api-version=2 --accept-multiclient exec bin/containerd -- --log-level=debug
API server listening at: [::]:12345
2023-07-29T15:06:45+08:00 warning layer=rpc Listening for remote connections (connections are not authenticated nor encrypted)

debugging , 容器 , containerd , intellij-idea , Docker

GousterCloud Blog

@goustercloud

Tags

Docker (89)

intellij-idea (54)

容器 (35)

debugging (19)

containerd (1)