Github經常性的卡住或完全打不開常見原因和處理
網絡上常見可能原因
- dns解析不到正確的ip
- 國際出口擁塞導致高 RTT（200ms+）與大量丟包，導致網頁資源加載極慢或失敗
- 偶爾會出現ssl證書驗證失敗問題
在沒有合規或者有效的代理情況下的最有效處理
使用方法：
1. 執行獲取在windows上執行githubdnsip.bat或linux上執行githubdnsip.sh返回的ip
2. 打開本機的Hosts文件：
windows系統: C:\Windows\System32\drivers\etc\hosts (需要管理員權限才能進行修改)
Mac/Linux: 終端中輸入sudo vim /etc/hosts 進行
添加解析記錄 (參考，具體依據獲取的ip進行設置):
20.205.243.166 github.com
162.125.2.3 github.global.ssl.fastly.net
3. 刷新DNS緩存:
Windows: ipconfig /flushdns
Mac/Linux: sudo killall -HUP mDNSResponder
建議定期或出現問題時更新一次本機域名ip解析記錄
提供適用於windows和linux系統的命令行工具，便捷獲取github相關域名的解析ip地址
windows版本
@echo off
setlocal EnableExtensions EnableDelayedExpansion
REM ================================================================
REM "GitHub 相關域名 DNS 查詢腳本 過濾解析器自身IP + 全局去重"
REM ------------------------------------------------
REM "用法"
REM githubdnsip.bat
REM githubdnsip.bat <dns>
REM githubdnsip.bat <dns> <ipver>
REM "參數"
REM "<dns> 遞歸DNS服務器 默認 208.67.222.222"
REM "<ipver> 4=僅A, 6=僅AAAA, 46 或空=兩者"
REM "去重範圍 全局 所有域名 + A/AAAA 去重"
REM "若需每個域名單獨去重，可在域名循環裏重置 SEEN_IPS= "
REM ================================================================
set "DNS=%~1"
if "%DNS%"=="" set "DNS=208.67.222.222"
set "IPVER=%~2"
if "%IPVER%"=="" set "IPVER=4"
REM "全局已出現 IP 列表 前導空格便於精確匹配"
set "SEEN_IPS= "
REM "待查詢域名 github.githubassets.com user-images.githubusercontent.com avatars.githubusercontent.com objects.githubusercontent.com api.github.com raw.githubusercontent.com"
set "DOMAINS=github.com github.global.ssl.fastly.net codeload.github.com"
echo Using resolver: %DNS%
echo Query types: %IPVER%
echo.
for %%D in (%DOMAINS%) do (
echo ===== %%D =====
echo.
REM "如果想按域名單獨去重，在此處加 set \"SEEN_IPS= \""
echo %IPVER% | findstr "4" >nul && call :DoLookup %%D A
echo %IPVER% | findstr "6" >nul && call :DoLookup %%D AAAA
echo.
)
goto :EOF
:DoLookup
REM "%1 = domain, %2 = type A / AAAA"
nslookup -type=%2 %1 %DNS% > "%TEMP%\__gh_ns.tmp" 2>nul
if errorlevel 1 (
echo [%2] %1 : lookup failed
del /q "%TEMP%\__gh_ns.tmp" >nul 2>nul
goto :EOF
)
set "IN_ADDR_BLOCK=0"
for /f "usebackq delims=" %%L in ("%TEMP%\__gh_ns.tmp") do (
set "LINE=%%L"
if /I "!LINE:~0,7!"=="Server:" (
REM skip
) else (
if /I "!LINE:~0,5!"=="Name:" (
echo [%2] !LINE!
) else (
REM "處理 Address 與 Addresses"
echo(!LINE!| findstr /R /B /I "Address: *" >nul && (
call :PrintAddress %2 "!LINE!"
)
echo(!LINE!| findstr /R /B /I "Addresses: *" >nul && (
call :PrintAddress %2 "!LINE!"
set "IN_ADDR_BLOCK=1"
)
REM "處理 Addresses 後續續行 前導空格 + IP"
if !IN_ADDR_BLOCK! EQU 1 (
echo(!LINE!| findstr /R "^[ ][ ]*[0-9A-Fa-f][0-9A-Fa-f:.]*$" >nul
if errorlevel 1 (
set "IN_ADDR_BLOCK=0"
) else (
call :PrintAddress %2 "!LINE!"
)
)
)
)
)
del /q "%TEMP%\__gh_ns.tmp" >nul 2>nul
goto :EOF
:PrintAddress
REM "%1 = 記錄類型A/AAAA, %2 = 原始行"
set "REC=%~1"
set "RAW=%~2"
set "WORK=%RAW%"
:TrimLead
if defined WORK if "!WORK:~0,1!"==" " set "WORK=!WORK:~1!" & goto :TrimLead
set "HEAD="
set "REST="
for /f "tokens=1* delims=:" %%a in ("!WORK!") do (
set "HEAD=%%a"
set "REST=%%b"
)
if /I "!HEAD!"=="Address" (
set "CAND=!REST!"
) else if /I "!HEAD!"=="Addresses" (
set "CAND=!REST!"
) else (
set "CAND=!WORK!"
)
set "TMP=!CAND!"
:TrimLead2
if defined TMP if "!TMP:~0,1!"==" " set "TMP=!TMP:~1!" & goto :TrimLead2
for /f "tokens=1" %%i in ("!TMP!") do set "IPONLY=%%i"
REM "過濾 DNS 解析器自身 IP"
if /I "!IPONLY!"=="%DNS%" (
goto :EOF
)
REM "去重 如果 SEEN_IPS 中已有該 IP 則跳過"
echo !SEEN_IPS! | findstr /I /C:" !IPONLY! " >nul && (
REM duplicate skip
)
(
set "SEEN_IPS=!SEEN_IPS!!IPONLY! "
echo [%REC] !RAW!
)
goto :EOF
C:\Users\xxx\Desktop>githubdnsip.bat
Using resolver: 208.67.222.222
Query types: 4
===== github.com =====
[REC] Address: 20.205.243.166
===== github.global.ssl.fastly.net =====
[REC] Address: 162.125.2.3
===== codeload.github.com =====
[REC] Address: 20.205.243.165
ubuntu版本
- 文件名：githubdnsip.sh
對腳本賦予可執行權限: sudo chmod +x githubdnsip.sh
#!/usr/bin/sh
# ================================================================
# GitHub 域名 DNS 查詢（可指定解析器 + A/AAAA 選擇 + 全局去重 + 統一輸出）
# 用法:
# ./githubdnsip.sh.sh
# ./githubdnsip.sh.sh <dns>
# ./githubdnsip.sh.sh <dns> <ipver>
# 參數:
# <dns> 遞歸DNS服務器 (默認 208.67.222.222)
# <ipver> 4=僅A, 6=僅AAAA, 46 兩者,或空=4
# 説明:
# - 依賴: dig (dnsutils / bind-utils)
# - 輸出格式: "[A] Address: 140.82.114.4" / "[AAAA] Address: 2606:50c0:8000::154"
# - 全局去重（IPv4/IPv6），並過濾等於解析器自身 IP 的條目
# ================================================================
DNS="${1:-208.67.222.222}"
IPVER="${1:-4}"
if ! command -v dig >/dev/null 2>&1; then
echo "需要安裝 dig (dnsutils/bind-utils)。例如: Ubuntu/Debian: sudo apt-get install dnsutils; CentOS/RHEL: sudo yum install bind-utils" >&2
exit 1
fi
case "$IPVER" in
4) TYPES="A" ;;
6) TYPES="AAAA" ;;
46|64|'') TYPES="A AAAA" ;;
*) echo "未知 ipver: $IPVER, 使用 A" >&2; TYPES="A" ;;
esac
DOMAINS="github.com github.global.ssl.fastly.net codeload.github.com"
echo "Using resolver: $DNS"
echo "Query types: $IPVER"
echo
# 生成並用 awk 去重與過濾（見下方 awk）
{
for d in $DOMAINS; do
printf "===== %s =====\n\n" "$d"
for t in $TYPES; do
# 直接用 dig +short 輸出純 IP（可能多行），逐行包裝為統一格式
dig +short @"$DNS" -t "$t" "$d" +time=3 +tries=1 \
| awk -v T="$t" '
/^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$/ { printf "[%s] Address: %s\n", T, $0; next }
/^[0-9A-Fa-f:]+$/ { printf "[%s] Address: %s\n", T, $0; next }
'
done
printf "\n"
done
} | awk -v dns="$DNS" '
# 透傳分隔行與空行
/^===== / { print; next }
/^$/ { print; next }
# 僅對 IP 行做過濾與去重；格式固定為: [A|AAAA] Address: <IP>
/^\[(A|AAAA)\] Address: / {
ip = $3
if (ip == dns) next
if (!(ip in seen)) { seen[ip] = 1; print }
next
}
{ print }
'
xx@gogodev:~/Desktop$ ./githubdnsip.sh
Using resolver: 208.67.222.222
Query types: 4
===== github.com =====
[A] Address: 20.205.243.166
===== github.global.ssl.fastly.net =====
[A] Address: 185.45.6.57
===== codeload.github.com =====
[A] Address: 20.205.243.165
