JMeter (2) —— JMeter與WebDriver測試用户登陸以CAS SSO為例(101 Tutorial)


主要內容

  • JMeter與WebDriver測試用户登陸以CAS SSO為例

環境與參考

jvm版本: 1.8.0_65

jmeter版本: 2.13

firefox版本: 39.0.3

準備

請參照JMeter (1) —— JMeter與WebDriver安裝與測試(101 Tutorial) 安裝好JMeter。

需要注意的是:

  • JMeter的版本
  • jar依賴衝突
  • firefox版本

待測試的CAS環境

架構


配置

請參照以下文章搭建配置好CAS單點登陸的本地環境。

  • CAS (1) —— Mac下配置CAS到Tomcat(服務端)
  • CAS (2) —— Mac下配置CAS到Tomcat(客户端)
  • CAS (6) —— Nginx代理模式下瀏覽器訪問CAS服務器網絡順序圖詳解
  • CAS (7) —— Mac下配置CAS 4.x集羣及JPATicketRegistry(服務端)

測試

注意:我們這裏只是以CAS單點登陸為應用場景進行測試,此測試可以推廣到其他的web應用的登陸場景,也可以擴展到更為豐富的流程或場景中。

準備

  1. 新建測試計劃(TestPlan)
  2. 為測試計劃添加線程組(TheadGroup)
  3. 依次添加
  • jp@gc - Firefox Driver Config (Thread Group -> Config Element)
  • jp@gc - WebDriver Sampler (Thread Group -> Sampler)
  • View Results Tree (Thread Group -> Listender)
  • View Results in Table (Thread Group -> Listender)

測試本地的CAS單點登陸環境

  1. 腳本
try {
     
     var pkg = JavaImporter(org.openqa.selenium, org.openqa.selenium.support.ui)
     WDS.log.info('WDS Name:' + WDS.name)
     WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()
     
     WDS.browser.navigate().to('https://app2.hoau.com:8423/cas2')
     WDS.log.info('Browser Title:' + WDS.browser.getTitle())
     WDS.log.info('Browser CurrentUrl:' + WDS.browser.getCurrentUrl())    
     WDS.log.info('Cookie:' + WDS.browser.manage().getCookies())   
     WDS.log.info('Request Header: ' + WDS.sampleResult.getRequestHeaders())
     
     var what = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.id('username'))
     what.sendKeys(['test01'])
     var where = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.id('password'))
     where.sendKeys(['psw01'])
     
  
     //   var button = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.cssSelector('.btn-submit'))
     var button = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.xpath("//input[@type='submit']"))
     button.click()
     
     
     var wait = new pkg.WebDriverWait(WDS.browser, 10)
     wait.until(pkg.ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(pkg.By.xpath("//a[@title='Click here to log out']")))
     var results = WDS.browser.findElements(pkg.By.xpath("//a[@title='Click here to log out']"))
     WDS.log.info('Result: ' + results)
     
     if(results.empty) {
         WDS.sampleResult.successful = false
         WDS.sampleResult.responseMessage = 'There were no results returned'
     }
     
     var iter = results.iterator()
     var element = iter.next()
     WDS.log.info('User: ' + element.getText())
     
     if('test01' != element.getText()) {
         WDS.sampleResult.successful = false
         WDS.sampleResult.responseMessage = 'Login Failure'
     }
     
     WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()
 } catch(ex) {
     WDS.log.error(ex)
     WDS.sampleResult.successful = false
     WDS.sampleResult.responseMessage = 'There were no results returned'
     WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()
 }
  1. 運行
  • 查看“View Results in Table”
  • 查看“View Results Tree”

需要注意的是,諸如JMeter + WebDriver Plugin或Selenium Grid + Remote WebDriver抑或Sahi Web UI這些方式的測試,都是試圖模擬用户從終端(瀏覽器)與服務器進行真實交互,以上這些方式長於流程、場景,而非服務端的壓力(當然也可用於服務端壓力測試之目的,這裏強調的只是意圖),如果要對服務端進行壓力測試,我們可以有其他更為適合的方式。

測試cnblogs登陸

我們同樣可以cnblogs為目標系統,嘗試用JMeter來測試cnblogs的登陸。

  1. 腳本
try {
     
     var pkg = JavaImporter(org.openqa.selenium, org.openqa.selenium.support.ui)
     WDS.log.info('WDS Name:' + WDS.name)
     WDS.sampleResult.sampleStart()
     
     WDS.browser.navigate().to('')
     WDS.log.info('Browser Title:' + WDS.browser.getTitle())
     WDS.log.info('Browser CurrentUrl:' + WDS.browser.getCurrentUrl())    
     WDS.log.info('Cookie:' + WDS.browser.manage().getCookies())   
     WDS.log.info('Request Header: ' + WDS.sampleResult.getRequestHeaders())
     
     var what = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.id('input1'))
     what.sendKeys(['weizhe_2008'])
     var where = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.id('input2'))
     where.sendKeys(['********'])
     var button = WDS.browser.findElement(pkg.By.id('signin'))
     button.click()
     
     var wait = new pkg.WebDriverWait(WDS.browser, 1)
     // a href=""
     wait.until(pkg.ExpectedConditions.presenceOfElementLocated(pkg.By.xpath("//a[@href='']")))
     var results = WDS.browser.findElements(pkg.By.xpath("//a[@href='']"))
     WDS.log.info('Result: ' + results)
     
     if(results.empty) {
         WDS.sampleResult.successful = false
         WDS.sampleResult.responseMessage = 'There were no results returned'
     }
     
     WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()
 } catch(ex) {
     WDS.log.error(ex)
     WDS.sampleResult.successful = false
     WDS.sampleResult.responseMessage = 'There were no results returned'
     WDS.sampleResult.sampleEnd()
 }
  1. 運行
  2. 結果

問題

  • 由於此種測試模式下,我們會使用JMeter配置的Firefox Driver Config組件,同時使用WDS(Web Driver Sampler)Script在JMeter UI環境下測試目標應用,當Thread Group 的循環次數(Loop Count)或線程數(Number of Threads (user))的值大於1時,當前線程關聯的瀏覽器代理實例一直處於生命期,而單點登陸會保留用户的登陸信息,無需反覆輸入用户名密碼,瀏覽器保持了這些信息,因此後面斷言會出現錯誤,腳本無法反覆執行從而達到為“驗證用户名密碼這個流程”進行壓力測試的目的。
    經研究,當前版本的JMeter及其使用的Selenium WebDriver Plugin除PhantomJS外,不支持動態修改Session Cookie,而網上多數文章介紹的相關Cookie的API,無法對瀏覽器Session Cookie進行操作。
WDS.browser.manage().getCookies()
  WDS.browser.manage().deleteAllCookies()

我們會使用HTTPs錄製的方式來解決壓力測試的問題。

擴展

為了解WDS 在JMeterUI下javascript腳本的能力,以及涉及到面問題相關的源碼。

  • WDS (JMeterPlugins-WebDriver.jar)
    com.googlecode.jmeter.plugins.webdriver.sampler.WebDriverSampler
    com.googlecode.jmeter.plugins.webdriver.sampler.WebDriverScriptable
package com.googlecode.jmeter.plugins.webdriver.sampler;

  import org.apache.jmeter.samplers.SampleResult;
  import org.apache.log.Logger;
  import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

  public final class WebDriverScriptable
  {
    private static final String[] EMPTY_ARGS = new String[0];
    private String name;
    private String parameters;
    private Logger log;
    private WebDriver browser;
    private SampleResult sampleResult;

    public void setName(String name)
    {
      this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
      return this.name;
    }

    public void setParameters(String parameters) {
      this.parameters = parameters;
    }

    public String getParameters() {
      return this.parameters;
    }

    public String[] getArgs() {
      return this.parameters != null ? this.parameters.trim().replaceAll("\\s+", " ").split(" ") : EMPTY_ARGS;
    }

    public void setLog(Logger log) {
      this.log = log;
    }

    public Logger getLog() {
      return this.log;
    }

    public void setBrowser(WebDriver browser) {
      this.browser = browser;
    }

    public WebDriver getBrowser() {
      return this.browser;
    }

    public void setSampleResult(SampleResult sampleResult) {
      this.sampleResult = sampleResult;
    }

    public SampleResult getSampleResult() {
      return this.sampleResult;
    }
  }
  • WDS.browser (WebDriver - selenium-api-2.47.0.jar)
    org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver
    org.openqa.selenium.Cookie
package org.openqa.selenium;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.openqa.selenium.logging.Logs;

public abstract interface WebDriver extends SearchContext
{
  public abstract void get(String paramString);

  public abstract String getCurrentUrl();

  public abstract String getTitle();

  public abstract List<WebElement> findElements(By paramBy);

  public abstract WebElement findElement(By paramBy);

  public abstract String getPageSource();

  public abstract void close();

  public abstract void quit();

  public abstract Set<String> getWindowHandles();

  public abstract String getWindowHandle();

  public abstract TargetLocator switchTo();

  public abstract Navigation navigate();

  public abstract Options manage();

  @Beta
  public static abstract interface Window
  {
    public abstract void setSize(Dimension paramDimension);

    public abstract void setPosition(Point paramPoint);

    public abstract Dimension getSize();

    public abstract Point getPosition();

    public abstract void maximize();
  }

  public static abstract interface ImeHandler
  {
    public abstract List<String> getAvailableEngines();

    public abstract String getActiveEngine();

    public abstract boolean isActivated();

    public abstract void deactivate();

    public abstract void activateEngine(String paramString);
  }

  public static abstract interface Navigation
  {
    public abstract void back();

    public abstract void forward();

    public abstract void to(String paramString);

    public abstract void to(URL paramURL);

    public abstract void refresh();
  }

  public static abstract interface TargetLocator
  {
    public abstract WebDriver frame(int paramInt);

    public abstract WebDriver frame(String paramString);

    public abstract WebDriver frame(WebElement paramWebElement);

    public abstract WebDriver parentFrame();

    public abstract WebDriver window(String paramString);

    public abstract WebDriver defaultContent();

    public abstract WebElement activeElement();

    public abstract Alert alert();
  }

  public static abstract interface Timeouts
  {
    public abstract Timeouts implicitlyWait(long paramLong, TimeUnit paramTimeUnit);

    public abstract Timeouts setScriptTimeout(long paramLong, TimeUnit paramTimeUnit);

    public abstract Timeouts pageLoadTimeout(long paramLong, TimeUnit paramTimeUnit);
  }

  public static abstract interface Options
  {
    public abstract void addCookie(Cookie paramCookie);

    public abstract void deleteCookieNamed(String paramString);

    public abstract void deleteCookie(Cookie paramCookie);

    public abstract void deleteAllCookies();

    public abstract Set<Cookie> getCookies();

    public abstract Cookie getCookieNamed(String paramString);

    public abstract WebDriver.Timeouts timeouts();

    public abstract WebDriver.ImeHandler ime();

    @Beta
    public abstract WebDriver.Window window();

    @Beta
    public abstract Logs logs();
  }
}

以上要注意內部靜態類 Options裏面提供的,對Cookie進行操作的API

結束